The Tao Of Network Security Monitoring - Beyond Intrusion De

The book is broken into five major parts, followed by an epilogue and appendices. You can focus on the areas that interest you, as the sections were written in a modular manner. You may wonder why greater attention is not paid to popular tools like Nmap or Snort. With The Tao of Network Security Monitoring, I hope to break new ground by highlighting ideas and tools seldom seen elsewhere. If I don't address a widely popular product, it's because it has received plenty of coverage in another book.

Part I offers an introduction to NSM, an operational framework for the collection, analysis, and escalation of indications and warnings to detect and respond to intrusions. Part I begins with an analysis of the terms and theory held by NSM practitioners. Chapter 1 discusses the security process and defines words like security, risk, and threat. It also makes assumptions about intruders and their prey that set the stage for NSM operations. Chapter 2 addresses NSM directly, explaining why NSM is not implemented by modern NIDSs alone. Chapter 3 focuses on deployment considerations, such as how to access traffic using hubs, taps, SPAN ports, and inline devices.

Part II begins an exploration of the NSM "product, process, and people" triad. Chapter 4 is a case study called the "reference intrusion model." This is an incident explained from the point of view of an omniscient observer. During this intrusion, the victim collected full content data in two locations. We will use those two trace files while explaining the tools discussed in Part II. Following the reference intrusion model, I devote chapters to each of the four types of data that must be collected to perform NSM—full content, session, statistical, and alert data. Chapters 5 through 10 describe open source tools tested on the FreeBSD operating system and available on other UNIX derivatives. Part II also includes a look at tools to manipulate and modify traffic. Featured in Part II are little-discussed NIDSs like Bro and Prelude, and the first true open source NSM suite, Sguil.

Part III continues the NSM triad by discussing processes. If analysts don't know how to handle events, they're likely to ignore them. I provide best practices in Chapter 11 and follow with Chapter 12, written explicitly for technical managers. That material explains how to conduct emergency NSM in an incident response scenario, how to evaluate monitoring vendors, and how to deploy an NSM architecture.

Part IV, intended for analysts and their supervisors, completes the NSM triad. Entry-level and intermediate analysts frequently wonder how to move to the next level of their profession. In Chapter 13, I offer some guidance for the five topics with which a security professional should be proficient: weapons and tactics, telecommunications, system administration, scripting and programming, and management and policy. Chapters 14 through 16 offer case studies, showing analysts how to apply NSM principles to intrusions and related scenarios.

Part V is the offensive counterpart to the defensive aspects of Parts II, III, and IV. I discuss how to attack products, processes, and people. Chapter 17 examines tools to generate arbitrary packets, manipulate traffic, conduct reconnaissance, and exploit flaws in Cisco, Solaris, and Microsoft targets. In Chapter 18 I rely on my experience performing detection and response to show how intruders attack the mind-set and procedures on which analysts rely.

An epilogue on the future of NSM follows Part V. The appendices feature several TCP/IP protocol header charts and explanations. I also wrote an intellectual history of network security, with excerpts and commentary on the most important papers written during the last 25 years. Please take the time to at least skim that appendix; you'll see that many of the "revolutionary ideas" often heralded in the press were in some cases proposed decades ago.

Neither Part V nor other parts are designed as "hacking" references. You will not find "elite" tools to compromise servers; if so inclined, refer to the suggested reading list. The tools I profile were selected for the traffic they generate. By looking at packets created by readily available offensive tools, analysts learn to identify normal, suspicious, and malicious traffic.

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